How Did American Support Manifest Affect The Makeup Of The Goverment

Manifest Destiny, a phrase coined in 1845, is the idea that the United states of america is destined—by God, its advocates believed—to expand its dominion and spread commonwealth and capitalism across the entire North American continent. The philosophy drove 19th-century U.S. territorial expansion and was used to justify the forced removal of Native Americans and other groups from their homes. The rapid expansion of the Us intensified the issue of slavery equally new states were added to the Marriage, leading to the outbreak of the Civil War.

Louisiana Purchase

Thank you to a high nativity rate and brisk immigration, the U.Southward. population exploded in the first half of the 19th century, from around five million people in 1800 to more than 23 meg by 1850.

Such rapid growth—every bit well as two economic depressions in 1819 and 1839—would drive millions of Americans westward in search of new land and new opportunities.

President Thomas Jefferson kicked off the country's due west expansion in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase, which at some 828,000 foursquare miles nearly doubled the size of the United States and stretched from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains. In addition to sponsoring the western trek of Lewis and Clark of 1805-07, Jefferson as well set his sights on Spanish Florida, a procedure that was finally concluded in 1819 under President James Monroe.

But critics of that treaty faulted Monroe and his secretary of state, John Quincy Adams, for yielding to Spain what they considered legitimate claims on Texas, where many Americans connected to settle.

In 1823, Monroe invoked Manifest Destiny when he spoke before Congress to warn European nations not to interfere with America's Westward expansion, threatening that whatsoever attempt past Europeans to colonize the "American continents" would exist seen as an deed of war. This policy of an American sphere of influence and of non-intervention in European affairs became known equally the "Monroe Doctrine." After 1870, information technology would be used as a rationale for U.S. intervention in Latin America.

Texas Independence

Cries for the "re-annexation" of Texas increased afterward Mexico, having won its independence from Spain, passed a police suspending U.South. immigration into Texas in 1830.

Nonetheless, in that location were still more Anglo settlers in Texas than Hispanic ones, and in 1836, subsequently Texas won its ain independence, its new leaders sought to bring together the The states. The administrations of both Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren resisted such calls, fearing both war with Mexico and opposition from Americans who believed calls for annexation were linked with the want to expand slavery in the Southwest.

Simply John Tyler, who won the presidency in 1840, was adamant to proceed with the looting. An agreement concluded in April 1844 fabricated Texas eligible for admission every bit a U.S. territory, and possibly afterwards every bit one or more states.

Despite opposition to this understanding in Congress, the pro-annexation candidate James K. Polk won the 1844 ballot, and Tyler was able to push button the bill through and sign it before he left function.

The Coining of 'Manifest Destiny'

By the fourth dimension Texas was admitted to the Union as a state in Dec 1845, the idea that the United states must inevitably expand westward all the way to the Pacific Ocean had taken firm agree among people from different regions, classes and political persuasions.

Curl to Continue

The phrase "Manifest Destiny," which emerged as the best-known expression of this mindset, start appeared in an editorial published in the July-Baronial 1845 issue of The Autonomous Review.

In it, the writer criticized the opposition that still lingered confronting the looting of Texas, urging national unity on behalf of "the fulfillment of our manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions."

Every bit the phrase also appeared in a nearly identical context in a July 1845 article in the New York Morn News, its originator is believed to exist John O'Sullivan, the editor of both the Democratic Review and the Morn News at the time. That December, another Morning News commodity mentioned "manifest destiny" in reference to the Oregon Territory, another new frontier over which the United States was eager to affirm its dominion.

Oregon Territory

An 1842 treaty between Dandy United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland and the Usa partially resolved the question of where to depict the Canadian edge, simply left open the question of the Oregon Territory, which stretched from the Pacific Coast to the Rocky Mountains over an area including what is now Oregon, Idaho, Washington Country and most of British Columbia.

Polk, an ardent proponent of Manifest Destiny, had won election with the slogan "54˚ xl' or fight!" (a reference to the potential northern boundary of Oregon equally breadth 54˚ 40') and called U.Due south. claims to Oregon "clear and unquestionable" in his inaugural address.

Merely as president, Polk wanted to get the issue resolved and so the United States could move on to acquiring California from Mexico. In mid-1846, his administration agreed to a compromise whereby Oregon would exist split up along the 49th parallel, narrowly avoiding a crisis with Britain.

Impact of Manifest Destiny: The Civil State of war, Native American Wars

By the fourth dimension the Oregon question was settled, the United States had entered into all-out war with Mexico, driven by the spirit of Manifest Destiny and territorial expansion.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican-American State of war in 1848, added an boosted 525,000 square miles of U.S. territory, including all or parts of what is now California, Arizona, Colorado, New United mexican states, Nevada, Utah and Wyoming.

Despite the lofty idealism of Manifest Destiny, the rapid territorial expansion over the first half of the 19th century resulted non merely in war with Mexico, simply in the dislocation and brutal mistreatment of Native American, Hispanic and other not-European occupants of the territories now beingness occupied by the United States.

U.S. expansion also fueled the growing debate over slavery, by raising the pressing question of whether new states being admitted to the Union would allow slavery or non—a conflict that would somewhen pb to the Ceremonious War.

Sources

Julius West. Pratt, "The Origin of 'Manifest Destiny'," The American Historical Review (July 1927).
Sean Wilentz, The Rising of American Republic: Jefferson to Lincoln (New York: Norton, 2005).
Michael Golay, The Tide of Empire: America's March to the Pacific
Era of U.S. Continental Expansion, History, Art & Archives: U.S House of Representatives.

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Source: https://www.history.com/topics/westward-expansion/manifest-destiny

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